Digital Data Theft Detection using Watermarking

Large amount of data is embedded in media and spread in the internet. This data can be replaced easily with the help of some software. Digital watermarking is a very useful technology in today2019;s world, to prevent illegal copying of data. Digital watermarking can be applied to all forms of multimedia

Gender, Agriculture, and Nutrition in South Asia: Conceptualising the Links

Even with higher economic growth and an overall reduction in poverty, there exists child undernutrition, maternal undernutrition and diverse forms of micro nutrient deficiencies – a phenomenon labelled as the South Asian Paradox. Eradicating undernutrition requires a dedicated effort to alleviating child undernutrition, as South Asia accounts for forty percent of the world’s undernourished children. Agricultural growth, by enabling farming households to grow more/better food for self-consumption, and opening opportunities for employment, can contribute importantly to this process. This brief sets out the conceptual starting points for LANSA research on the gender-agriculture pathways to improve nutritional outcomes.Department for International Development (DFID)UKAI

Novi zakoni adaptivnog upravljanja referentnim modelom zasnovani na nekvadratnoj Ljapunovljevoj funkciji

In the design of model reference adaptive control (MRAC) schemes, adaptive laws have been developed based on Lyapunov stability theory. Over the past few decades, it has been a common practice to use Quadratic Lyapunov Functions (QLF). In contrast to such development, using a new Non-Quadratic Lyapunov Function (NQLF), this paper presents new adaptive laws for the MRAC. These new laws have the same advantage of assurance of stability of the overall system, as the earlier adaptive laws developed using the QLF. Over and above, they have an additional advantage of improved performance: in fact, the use of NQLF improved the system output error signal converging to zero. Finally, this paper also presents simulation results supporting the arguments.Za projektiranje sustava adaptivnog upravljanja referentnim modelom (MRAC) razvijeni su adaptivni zakoni koji se zasnivaju na Ljapunovljevoj teoriji stabilnosti. U zadnjih se nekoliko desetljeća uobičajeno koristi kvadratna Ljapunovljeva funkcija (QLF). Suprotno tome, u ovome se radu zakoni upravljanja referentnim modelom izvode na osnovi nove nekvadratne Ljapunovljeve funkcije (NQLF). Za izvedene je nove zakone upravljanja cjelokupni sustav stabilan, kao i kod prijašnjih zakona adaptivnog upravljanja kvadratnom Ljapunovljevom funkcijom. Povrh toga predloženim novim zakonima upravljanja NQLF funkcijom poboljšava se konvergencija izlaznog signala pogreške prema nuli. Na kraju su u radu predstavljeni rezultati simulacija koji podupiru navedene tvrdnje

Novi zakoni adaptivnog upravljanja referentnim modelom zasnovani na nekvadratnoj Ljapunovljevoj funkciji

In the design of model reference adaptive control (MRAC) schemes, adaptive laws have been developed based on Lyapunov stability theory. Over the past few decades, it has been a common practice to use Quadratic Lyapunov Functions (QLF). In contrast to such development, using a new Non-Quadratic Lyapunov Function (NQLF), this paper presents new adaptive laws for the MRAC. These new laws have the same advantage of assurance of stability of the overall system, as the earlier adaptive laws developed using the QLF. Over and above, they have an additional advantage of improved performance: in fact, the use of NQLF improved the system output error signal converging to zero. Finally, this paper also presents simulation results supporting the arguments.Za projektiranje sustava adaptivnog upravljanja referentnim modelom (MRAC) razvijeni su adaptivni zakoni koji se zasnivaju na Ljapunovljevoj teoriji stabilnosti. U zadnjih se nekoliko desetljeća uobičajeno koristi kvadratna Ljapunovljeva funkcija (QLF). Suprotno tome, u ovome se radu zakoni upravljanja referentnim modelom izvode na osnovi nove nekvadratne Ljapunovljeve funkcije (NQLF). Za izvedene je nove zakone upravljanja cjelokupni sustav stabilan, kao i kod prijašnjih zakona adaptivnog upravljanja kvadratnom Ljapunovljevom funkcijom. Povrh toga predloženim novim zakonima upravljanja NQLF funkcijom poboljšava se konvergencija izlaznog signala pogreške prema nuli. Na kraju su u radu predstavljeni rezultati simulacija koji podupiru navedene tvrdnje

EPR and Optical Studies of Mo5+ Ions in Lithium Molybdoborate Glasses

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and optical absorption studies of Li2O–MoO3–B2O3 with varying concentrations of Li2O, MoO3 and B2O3 have been carried out at room temperature. Two series of glasses, one with constant MoO3 (CM) and another with constant borate (CB), have been investigated. Characteristic EPR spectra of Mo5+ have been observed centered around g ≅ 2.00, which are attributed to Mo5+ ion in an octahedral coordination sphere with an axial distortion. The spectra also show strong dependence on the concentration of Li2O and B2O3. Spin concentrations (N) and magnetic susceptibilities (χ) have been calculated. In the CM series, the N values decrease with increasing Li2O content up to 30 mol%, while in the CB series variation of N is found to increase initially up to 20 mol%, and with further increase in the Li2O content the N values tend to decrease. The variation of magnetic susceptibilities is almost similar to that observed with the variation of N. From the optical absorption spectra, an absorption edge (α) has been evaluated. In the CM series, the values of α show a blueshift. On the other hand, in the CB series a redshift is observed. The observed variations in spectral parameters are explained by considering the molybdoborate network. Addition of Li2O to the CM and CB series results in modification of [MoO6/2]0 → [MoOO5/2]− and [BO3/2]0 → [BO4/2]− → [BOO2/2]− groups, respectively, leading to creation of nonbridging oxygens. The optical basicity of the glasses has been evaluated in both the CM and the CB glasses. The optical basicity can be used to classify the covalent-to-ionic ratios of the glass, since an increasing optical basicity indicates decreasing covalency. It is observed that the covalency between Mo5+ ions and oxygen ligands increases in the CB series, whereas in the CM series the covalency between Mo5+ ions and oxygen ligands decreases

Women in Agriculture and Nutrition in India

Policy debates around agriculture and nutrition and the crucial role of women needs to be informed by evidence that research programmes like LANSA generate. The available evidence recommends the recognition of women’s roles in agriculture and nutrition. This Policy Brief looks at the following focus polices and programmes: Draft National Policy for Women 2016; National Policy for Empowerment of Women 2001; Supplementary Nutrition Programme under ICDS; National Nutrition Policy 1993; National Food Security Act 2013; National Policy for Farmers 2007.Department for International Development (DFID)UKAI

EPR and optical absorption studies of Fe3 ions in sodium borophosphate glasses

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and optical absorption spectral investigations have been carried out on Fe3 ions doped sodium borophosphate glasses (NaH2PO4B2O 3Fe2O3). The EPR spectra exhibit resonance signals with effective g values at g=2.02, g=4.2 and g=6.4. The resonance signal at g=4.2 is due to isolated Fe3 ions in site with rhombic symmetry whereas the g=2.02 resonance is due to Fe3 ions coupled by exchange interaction in a distorted octahedral environment. The EPR spectra at different temperatures (123295 K) have also been studied. The intensity of the resonance signals decreases with increase in temperature whereas linewidth is found to be independent of temperature. The paramagnetic susceptibility (Ï) was calculated from the EPR data at various temperatures and the Curie constant (C) and paramagnetic Curie temperature (θp) have been evaluated from the 1/Ï versus T graph. The optical absorption spectrum exhibits bands characteristic of Fe3 ions in octahedral symmetry. The crystal field parameter (Dq) and the Racah interelectronic repulsion parameters (B and C) have also been evaluated and discussed. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd

Influence of different storage temperatures and packing material in extending shelf life and quality attributes of palmyrah (Borassus flabellifer L.) neera

Palmyrah neera (inflorescence sap) is susceptible to natural fermentation at ambient temperature within a few hours of extraction due to enzymatic and microbial activity. Once fermented, neera becomes toddy which is unsuitable as a health drink or as a value-added product. Therefore, a study was carried out to investigate the influence of different packing materials and storage conditions on the shelf life and to keep the quality of palmyrah neera. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomised factorial design with two factors at unequal levels replicated thrice. HDPE 50 micron pouch (P1), PET bottle (P2) and glass bottle (P3) and cold storage at 2 oC (S1), cold storage at 4 oC (S2) and refrigerated storage (8-10 oC) (S3) were the packing material and storage conditions respectively used during experimentation. Physio-chemical properties viz., total soluble solids, pH and reducing sugars showed an increasing trend up to the 4th week of storage. At the same time, phenols, titrable acidity and alcohol content increased up to the 6th week of storage. Maximum total soluble solids (10.80 oBrix), reducing sugars (5.76%), minimum phenolic content (0.323 mg) and titrable acidity (1.116%) were recorded when palmyrah neera was packed in HDPE 50 micron pouch, whereas the maximum total soluble solids (10.83oBrix), reducing sugars (5.75%), minimum phenolic content (0.322 mg) and titrable acidity (1.14%) were recorded when palmyrah neera was stored at 2 oC. Among the different packing material and storage conditions, HDPE 50 micron and storage at 2 oC was effective in extending the shelf life and quality attributes of palmyrah neera